copenhagen snuff shortage

By Howard Riell, Associate Editor Smokeless tobacco remains a dependable product category, with popular brands like Copenhagen, Skoal and Grizzly, a. [37] USSTC MRTP Application for Copenhagen Snuff Fine Cut. Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), the illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2. (page 5), [47] Altria Client Services LLC. Most commonly known for its original snuff and dipping tobacco, Copenhagen prides itself in producing the perfect tobacco products. [22] Chaffee BW, Couch ET, Urata J, Gansky SA, Essex G, Cheng J. Predictors of Smokeless Tobacco Susceptibility, Initiation, and Progression Over Time Among Adolescents in a Rural Cohort. These studies do not provide sufficient evidence that it is both necessary to the marketing of their product and will not impose further harms to the publics health by increasing usage of their product by non-users, including youth. New Study: Secondhand Bong Smoke is full of Hazardous Fine Particles, Significantly reduce harm and the risk of tobacco related disease to individual tobacco users; and. Combining statistical and compartmental models for use in tobacco product risk assessments. The extensive discussion provided in the MRTPA related to the impact of the modified risk claim on the population groups of interest[55] is not relevant given that the CCI study does not indicate that any changes in behavior are likely to occur. Learn more about Copenhagen at the Copenhagen FAQ Page. Lancet Oncol. Preventive Medicine. You may be wondering what Copenhagen tobacco is exactly, or maybe youre curious about its tobacco process. Module 6: Summary of All Research Findings: 6.2.: Effect of Marketing on Consumer Understanding and Perceptions, p. 10, 6-2-risk-perceptions_Release in Full.pdf, [14] USSTC MRTP Application for Copenhagen Snuff Fine Cut. Copenhagen, sadly, is a tough one for me to provide a great recommendation for. Further, the USSTC application does not provide any reliable information on whether adolescents would be more interested in using smokeless tobacco, especially after viewing the claims, if adolescents would initiate nicotine use with smokeless tobacco, if adolescents would switch from another tobacco product to smokeless tobacco, or if adolescents would use moist snuff along with other tobacco products. Smokers who report smoking but do not consider themselves smokers: a phenomenon in need of further attention. CALL 1-866-404-1934. Most commonly known for its original snuff and, Tobacco is a tough plant in general, and its even tougher to grow. Cigarette and Smokeless Tobacco Perception Differences of Rural Male Youth. Copenhagen Long Cut has a sweet and succulent tobacco flavor thats long-lasting. While the FDA indicates that applicants may opt to use currently available models in the scientific literature to forecast the harm to public health from tobacco use,. Ongoing lung tissue damageand impaired lung function many years after exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke in individuals who never smoked tobacco cigarettes, List of public comments to FDA and other agencies by UCSF faculty and fellows (and others) with links to the comments. Fine Cut Plastic Can (only available in Alaska and Hawaii) Read our Privacy Statement. [18] Halpern-Felsher, BL, Biehl, M, Kropp, RY, & Rubinstein, ML. Smokers who report smoking but do not consider themselves smokers: a phenomenon in need of further attention. USSTC MRTP Application for Copenhagen Snuff Fine Cut. [33] USSTC MRTP Application for Copenhagen Snuff Fine Cut. JAMA Pediatr. The majority of USSTCs cans are not affected, including Copenhagen Fine Cut in a fiberboard can, Copenhagen Long Cut in a fiberboard can and Copenhagen Long Cut Wintergreen in a plastic can. Long Cut (overseas military only) (page 11), Altria Client Services LLC. 2019 (In Press). 911. http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ31/pdf/PLAW-111publ31.pdf, International Agency for Research on Cancer. [36] Watkins SL, Glantz SA, Chaffee BW. Wang TW, Gentzke A, Sharapova S, Cullen KA, Ambrose BK, Jamal A. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Click here to learn more. Nicotine Tob Res. U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company (USSTC) is voluntarily recalling certain of its smokeless tobacco products, listed in the chart below, manufactured at USSTC's facility in Franklin Park, IL. The transition rates used for the modified case are based on the ALCS CCI study. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. Snus Mint To comply with the new e-Privacy directive, we need to ask for your consent to set the cookies. 2008 Nov;10(11):1645-52. 2.3-executive summary _Redacted.pdf, Leas EC, Zablocki RW, Edland SD, Al-Delaimy WK. Transactions in connection with share buy-back programme . Consumers should contact USSTC at 1-866-201-9136 to return the product for a refund. [13] USSTC MRTP Application for Copenhagen Snuff Fine Cut. Altria Client Services LLC. Fine Cut (overseas military only) Read about the smokeless tobacco offered at all QMart stores! Nicotine Tob Res 2017 [Epub ahead of print], Altria Client Services LLC. I think this is probably because Copenhagen has a really unique flavor to it and it's so engrained into everyone's brain that finding an alternative . Tob Regul Sci. Fine Cut Wintergreen (overseas military only) Made from 100% American-grown tobacco, Copenhagen is available in its original fine cut, long cut, snuff and of course, pouches, packaged in their. As seen during the current epidemic of youth e-cigarette use, potential ex post facto solutions are severely limited. Despite citing all of these publications in its application, as well as others showing a positive association between smokeless tobacco use and future smoking in youth and young adults, In addition, USSTC argues that: A harm reduction strategy that informs adult smokers. Soneji S, Sargent JD, Tanski SE, Primack BA. Pouch Apple Tobacco Blend Wintergreen 8MG $3.49 MSRP $4.29 1 - can Sale 19% Rating: On! Module 6: Summary of All Research Findings: 6.4.: Effect on Tobacco Use Initiation Among Nonusers: Section 6.4.3.1: ST Use Has Been Shown Not to Predict Cigarette Smoking After Accounting for Other Factors That Typically Influence Smoking. [3],[4] Regarding lung cancer, while smokeless tobacco may present a lower risk than combustible tobacco, there is evidence that use of smokeless tobacco is associated with meaningfully greater lung cancer risk compared to living completely tobacco free. 2.3.: Executive Summary, p. 42, 2.3-executive summary _Redacted.pdf, USSTC MRTP Application for Copenhagen Snuff Fine Cut. Despite section 911(g)s requirement, this application failed to provide adequate scientific evidence demonstrating that their moist snuff products would benefit the health of the population as a whole, in particular non-users (including adolescents) as well as current users of other tobacco products. Sung HY, Wang Y, Yao T, et al. NEED SITE ASSISTANCE? Meddling in the affairs of heart and lungs: How secondhand tobacco smoke affects the complex interactions between heart and lungs. 2008;9(7):667-75. 1 milligrams of nicotine Property Value and Property Pages exist to help people researching Australian property make informed decisions when buying and selling "Hawken is a passion project for myself and the whole Adhesive team; giving it away for free is icing on the cake," said Adhesive CEO, co-founder and creative director Khang Le in the. 2015 Feb;169(2):129-36. PMID: 15313096. Still having trouble? [54] In fact, the data these studies are based on are from 1993 to 2003, i.e. Institute of Medicine. The studies USSTC conducted do not test this assertion. Web page addresses and e-mail addresses turn into links automatically. Non-interventional study report, p. 14, app-7-3-2-1-ccis-report_Release in Full.pdf, [10] USSTC MRTP Application for Copenhagen Snuff Fine Cut. 2016 May, 58(5):5558-66. Module 6: Summary of All Research Findings: 6.4.: Effect on Tobacco Use Initiation Among Nonusers: Section 6.4.3: The Likelihood that Nonusers Who Adopt the Tobacco Product Will Switch to Other Tobacco Products That Present Higher Levels of Individual Health Risk. Public Law 111-31 (2009), Sec. PMID: 27107909, [25] Chaffee BW, Cheng J. The U.S. experience. Pouch (overseas military only) JAMA Pediatr. The language used in these claims must be tested thoroughly among the entire population for salience, credibility, readability, and accuracy of consumers' interpretations. WARNING! Journal of Adolescent Health. FDA should not permit the U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company to market Copenhagen Snuff with modified risk claims, Benjamin Chaffee, Lucy Popova1, Lauren Lempert, Bonnie Halpern-Felsher2, Wendy Max, Victoria Churchill1, Pamela Ling, Stanton Glantz, University of California San Francisco TCORS. Pouch Plastic Can (only available in Alaska and Hawaii), Fine Cut Natural Journal of Adolescent Health. USSTC MRTP Application for Copenhagen Snuff Fine Cut. Pouch Mint (overseas military only) Preventive Medicine. Song, AV, Morrell, HE, Cornell, JL, Ramos, ME., Biehl, M., Kropp, RY., Halpern-Felsher. Long Cut Wintergreen (overseas military only) USSTC conducted one quantitative and two qualitative and studies (Table 1) to develop the modified risk claim and evaluate consumers reactions to it. There is also concern that any claims of low risk will attract non-users to the product. Tax class M. 100% American tobacco. [26] Unlike youth cigarette smoking, which has been declining steadily for the last 20 years, youth use of smokeless tobacco has largely held steady. For example, many individuals who engage in smoking do not consider themselves to be smokers. [24] Roditis, M., Delucchi, K., Cash, D., & Halpern-Felsher, BL. Mint 8MG $3.49 MSRP $4.29 1 - can Sale 19% Rating: On! Click on a link below to learn how to enable, DO NOT SELL OR SHARE MY PERSONAL INFORMATION. Federal Register. [32] Institute of Medicine. Exposure to modified risk claims in smokeless tobacco marketing may lead to an increase in exposure to harmful and potentially harmful chemicals among never- and former-smokers, including adolescent never-smokers who might initiate nicotine use with smokeless tobacco. [20] Halpern-Felsher, BL, Biehl, M, Kropp, RY, & Rubinstein, ML. Instead, in weighing the total public health impact of the proposed Copenhagen moist snuff marketing, the FDA should account for the fact that to any extent the marketing increases the uptake of smokeless tobacco among non-smokers, especially youth, those new smokeless tobacco users will be at risk of future combustible smoking, as well. 22 Reviews. If this unproven marketing campaign is approved and the result is greater smokeless tobacco use but without harm reduction, the only remedy USSTC suggest is post market surveillance (void of any details on how such surveillance would be conducted). BMC Public Health. Substance Use and Misuse. [10], In contrast, for non-smokers and non-users, the USSTC likewise optimistically states that there is no reason to expect an increase in initiation of the candidate product when marketed with the proposed modified risk claim, based on the lack of interest in the candidate product by the population of non-users (adults and young adults LA-24) after exposure to that claim. [27] The opposite argument is more plausible: as adolescents have grown to perceive smokeless tobacco as a more palatable alternative to cigarettes in terms of health risks, smokeless tobacco use has grown more resistant to the public health gains achieved in reducing youth smoking. (page 10). 2.3.: Executive Summary. The 5 Of Pentacles is a card of hardship, struggle, difficulty, and lack. Scientific Standards for Studies on Modified Risk Tobacco Products. Xtra Pouch Mint Blend In analysis of the PATH data, among Wave 1 never-smoking youth, ever-use of smokeless tobacco was associated with 1.7 times greater odds of ever smoking cigarettes and 2.1 times greater odds of past 30-day cigarette smoking after 1 year of follow-up, after adjusting for use of any other form of tobacco, age, sex, race/ethnicity, and several other smoking risk factors. Privacy concerns? USSTC MRTP Application for Copenhagen Snuff Fine Cut. The MRTPA indicates that they will provide justification for our population of interest (i.e. FDA does not endorse either the product or the company. Available from: https://monographs.iarc.fr/iarc-monographs-on-the-evaluation-of-carcinogenic-risks-to-humans-32/, International Agency for Research on Cancer. are critical parameters in the ALCS Cohort Model, but the rates used for the base case are obtained from published studies from 2002, 2003, and 2009. Copenhagen Pouches Smokeless Tobacco. Youth. [45] Caro JJ, Briggs AH, Siegert U, et al. (page 5), [48] U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products. As we will describe in more detail below, the USSTC MRTPA did not meet these statutory requirements; therefore, FDA must not issue the requested modified risk order. Xtra Long Cut Mint Healthcare expenditures attributable to smokeless tobacco use among U.S. adults. Further, there is not sufficient evidence to assure that the proposed marketing will not have a harmful effect on youth by encouraging initiation of moist snuff use, alone or in dual use with combustible tobacco. Tobacco Product Use Among Middle and High School Students - United States, 2011-2017. Examining these data specifically for the perceived risk of lung cancer, the perceived difference in risk was greatest for users of smokeless tobacco, including dual/poly users of smokeless tobacco with other products[25] (Figure 1). Module 6.5: Population Health Model Research Summary. (page 62), Altria Client Services LLC. Long Cut Spearmint Those participants who used smokeless tobacco, whether alone or in combination with other tobacco products, perceived a greater difference between cigarettes and smokeless. [53] This would include infections from exposure to expectorate or environmental waste. traditional metal lid and fiberboard can. Module 7.4.2: Population Model. Available from: https://monographs.iarc.fr/iarc-monographs-on-the-evaluation-of-carcinogenic-risks-to-humans-32/, [4] International Agency for Research on Cancer. Those participants who used smokeless tobacco, whether alone or in combination with other tobacco products, perceived a greater difference between cigarettes and smokeless. [54] Altria Client Services LLC. (page 5), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products. The FDA should not allow USSTC to make this modified risk claim without a more thorough analysis of the impact on non-smokers and the potential for an increased burden of tobacco-related diseases across all groups, but especially youth and young adults. https://doi.org/10.17226/13294. The model does not include the impact of snus on non-users of tobacco products, as required by the FDA. A while back we were unable to get Copenhagen Long Cut Wintergreen for a couple weeks due to them shutting . In its MTRPA, USSTC states, Collectively, the findings suggest that, for tobacco users and non-users, a single exposure to the modified risk claim does not have a meaningful effect upon behavioral intentions and perceptions of risk.[9], Despite its own findings, of no effect for both smokers and non-smokers, the USSTC nonetheless claims different long-term effects for these two groups. Use of smokeless tobacco is a risk factor for cigarette smoking. Nicotine Tob Res. Perceived risks and benefits of smoking: Differences between adolescents with different smoking experiences and intentions. From sowing the seeds to aging the leaves, Copenhagens experienced farmers must monitor each and every step throughout the process to ensure the brand delivers top-notch qualityand thats far from easy. Copenhagen dip comes in southern blend, wintergreen and mint flavors, with the option of either long cut or extra long cut. Modified Risk Tobacco Product Applications. (TCA section 911(g)(4)), Additionally, to issue an MRTP order, FDA must find that USSTC demonstrated that the proposed modified risk labeling and advertising enable the public to comprehend the information concerning modified risk and to understand the relative significance of such information in the context of total health and in relation to all of the diseases and health-related conditions associated with the use of tobacco products. (Emphasis added, TCA section 911(h)(1)). Medical Decision Making 2012;32(5):667-77. USSTC MRTP Application for Copenhagen Snuff Fine Cut. Despite lingering health concerns and the threat of continued regulation, smokeless remains a durable part of c-store tobacco sets. Site limited to eligible smokers 21 years of age or older. Please call 1-877-703-2673. [40] USSTC MRTP Application for Copenhagen Snuff Fine Cut. Snuff & Dip Tobacco Chewing Tobacco Popular Brands The Northerner Home Savings & Offers Savings & Offers Here you'll find all the best prices available on the site! [19] USSTC has not presented sufficient evidence that the proposed claims will not result in lower tobacco risk perceptions subsequent onset of smokeless tobacco use among youth. Module 6.5: Population Health Model Research Summary. USSTC misleadingly claims that the evidence that youth or other non-smokers who use moist snuff or other smokeless tobacco progress to cigarette smoking is mixed and that the best way to address this risk is by allowing USSTC to conduct their own postmarket surveillance.. 2003 Aug;5(4):561-9. Exposure and Metabolic Activation Biomarkers of Carcinogenic Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines. 2015;15(1):258. Long Cut Mint (overseas military only) Smokers who report smoking but do not consider themselves smokers: a phenomenon in need of further attention. [42] U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products. USSTC states is does not anticipate youth initiation rates for the candidate product to exceed rates currently observed for the ST category. Chaffee BW, Cheng J. Module 6: Summary of All Research Findings: 6.2.: Effect of Marketing on Consumer Understanding and Perceptions, Table 6.2-4, p. 22, 6-2-risk-perceptions_Release in Full.pdf, [57] USSTC MRTP Application for Copenhagen Snuff Fine Cut. Andrea. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products. For the final steps, the leaves are cured under smoldering hardwood for about 30 days, then every single leaf sits in a hogshead barrel until its aged just right. For example, many individuals who engage in smoking do not consider themselves to be smokers,[29] including large numbers of young adult smokers and >12% of all adult smokers in California. USD$25.00. Tob Control 2015;24(4):400-3. Holding a perception that smokeless tobacco is associated with a lower risk of systemic disease, such as lung cancer, in comparison to smoking cigarettes is a strong predictor of smokeless tobacco use among adolescents. There are a TON of great smokeless alternatives (fake dip) out there that contain NO TOBACCO and NO NICOTINE. Choose our next limited-edition bl [53] U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products. PMID: 15313096. Module 6: Summary of All Research Findings: 6.2.: Effect of Marketing on Consumer Understanding and Perceptions, Table 6.2-4, p. 22, 6-2-risk-perceptions_Release in Full.pdf, USSTC MRTP Application for Copenhagen Snuff Fine Cut. 2.3.: Executive Summary. If this unproven marketing campaign is approved and the result is greater smokeless tobacco use but without harm reduction, the only remedy USSTC suggest is post market surveillance (void of any details on how such surveillance would be conducted). USSTC misleadingly claims that the evidence that youth or other non-smokers who use moist snuff or other smokeless tobacco progress to cigarette smoking is mixed and that the best way to address this risk is by allowing USSTC to conduct their own postmarket surveillance.[28] The application did not describe what remedial action would be possible, let alone that USSTC would be motivated to take, if such surveillance did indeed indicate that the proposed marketing of Copenhagen moist snuff leads to expanded smokeless tobacco use among youth and/or increased cigarette smoking among individuals who were enticed to begin smokeless tobacco use. Long Cut Wintergreen, Bandit Mint Draft Guidance., 2012. BMC Public Health. USSTC emphasizes that adult smokers misperceive the harm of smokeless tobacco relative to cigarettes, arguing that many US adults, including cigarette smokers, believe that using smokeless tobacco to be equally harmful to smoking cigarettes. [49] found that smokeless tobacco use, including chew, snuff, and snus, accounted for over $3.4 billion in excess annual healthcare expenditures, including $1.8 billion for hospitalizations. 2016 May, 58(5):5558-66. The FDA should not approve the proposed marketing order because USSTC has shown no evidence that the proposed marketing will encourage current smokers to switch completely to smokeless tobacco. Tob Regul Sci. Under review 2018. The real question to be addressed is whether Copenhagen Snuff, with lower perceived risks, encourages never-smokers -- including adolescents and young adults -- who would otherwise not use any tobacco products to be more likely to try smokeless tobacco product. Severson HH, Forrester KK, Biglan A. FDA should not overlook that the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) confirmed a causal role for smokeless tobacco in oral, esophageal, and pancreatic cancer. By updating your PIN, it will be updated for this brand and any of our affiliate brands Affiliate brands include on!, Skoal, harry potter lord slytherin fanfiction time travel, beauty and the beast black diamond vhs unopened, how many layers of fiberglass over plywood, dukes harley funeral orangeburg obituaries, c6 corvette abs and traction control light on, new holland 456 sickle mower parts diagram, mysql80 service started and then stopped windows 10, 1998 bass tracker pro team 175 owners manual, honey dew electric nectar collector replacement tip, what happened to unsolved mysteries podcast. Quite the contrary, the application: Even if there is a misperception among US adults about smokeless tobacco harms relative to cigarettes, USSTCs MRTPA does not provide adequate evidence that the proposed marketing will meaningfully improve the health of current adult cigarette smokers. [35] Watkins SL, Glantz SA, Chaffee BW. 2003 Aug;5(4):561-9. Long Cut Citrus Tobacco Blend The modified risk message proposed by USSTC for Copenhagen does not have enough evidence to show it will motivate smokers to switch to the exclusive use of their product nor do they demonstrate that there will be no unintended consequences on non-smokers which will increase overall tobacco consumption. PMID: 27107909. Module 6.5: Population Health Model Research Summary. Module 7.4.2: Population Model. USSTC. It is essential that the USSTC demonstrate that such claims will be understood by youth and that consumers' (or potential consumers') interpretations of these claims are aligned with the actual risks of the smokeless tobacco. Module 6.5: Population Health Model Research Summary. If you have an account with any of our affiliate brands you can use that to log in above. BL. FDA-2016-N-2527. The model only considers mortality, despite the fact that tobacco use (including snus) causes considerable morbidity. [45] A number of sensitivity analyses are conducted (transition probabilities between tobacco use categories and survival probabilities) and the model is validated using US Life Tables for 2006. Copenhagen uses topping, a time-tested ritual of ripping off the top flower of the tobacco plant to provide the leaves more stability, and to give the plant a richer shine. Know the real cost of tobacco. Cigarette and Smokeless Tobacco Perception Differences of Rural Male Youth. Perceptions of Smoking-Related Risks and Benefits as Predictors of Adolescent Smoking Initiation. PMID: 27107909. Transition rates between different tobacco use categories (e.g. USSTC MRTP Application for Copenhagen Snuff Fine Cut. Long cut is also easy to pack, which helps the dip stay in your mouth without coming apart. [38] Tomar SL. the US native-born male population) in Section 7.4.2.2.3. 2.3.: Executive Summary, p. 6, 2.3-executive summary _Redacted.pdf, FDAs The Real Cost Campaign. The FDA should be concerned that consumers will interpret the proposed modified risk marketing of Copenhagen moist snuff to mean that smokeless tobacco conveys no risk of lung cancer or other tobacco-related systematic cancers when in truth, smokeless tobacco is a known human carcinogen and serious health risk. In a meta-analysis of three studies from the United States, smokeless tobacco was associated with a 1.8 fold increase in the risk of lung cancer, which just missed the threshold for statistical significance due to the small number of studies available. However, FDA must not grant an order allowing USSTC to market Copenhagen Snuff with its proposed modified risk claim, because the MRTPA did not meet the statutory requirements specified in section 911 of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA).[2]. 2016 Jan 19;49(1):106-14. Risk Behavior Surveillance - United States, 2017. Copenhagen Long Cut has a sweet and succulent tobacco flavor that's long-lasting. Because the application did not consider the impact of smokeless tobacco on adolescent use, it did not demonstrate that the product, USSTC further misleadingly claims that smokeless tobacco use has been shown not to predict cigarette smoking after adjusting for factors that typically influence smoking and that smokeless tobacco use has been associated with lower likelihood of smoking progression.. As such, they will directly compete, not complement the FDAs proven prevention strategies, specifically, the Real Cost campaign, which has been communicating to youth at-risk for smokeless tobacco use that smokeless doesnt mean harmless.[41]. Journal of Adolescent Health. Influence of Disclosed and Undisclosed Funding Sources in Tobacco Harm Reduction Discourse: A Social Network Analysis. 79 to No. It is essential that the USSTC demonstrate that such claims will be understood by youth and that consumers' (or potential consumers') interpretations of these claims are aligned with the actual risks of the smokeless tobacco. Pouches Wintergreen (overseas military only). Pouch Wintergreen Tobacco Product Standard for N-Nitrosonornicotine Level in Finished Smokeless Tobacco Products. lonepinesupply (1,809) The prevalence of smokeless tobacco use among male US high school students is now similar to cigarettes (2017 NYTS: cigarettes 8%, smokeless tobacco 8%; 2017 YRBS: cigarettes 10%, smokeless tobacco 9%). Long Cut Wintergreen (overseas military only) Founded in 1822, Copenhagen was one of the first brands to introduce smokeless tobacco, and today, it still remains one of the most authentic and best-selling premium tobacco products on the market. Medical Decision Making 2012;32(5):667-77. Copenhagen, 29 November 2021. Differences in perceived lung cancer risk of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco according to susceptibility to use of various tobacco products, rural male adolescents. The mortality models are based on data from the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program Cohort study and appear to reflect mortality ratios for insured individuals in 1991. Xtra Long Cut Wintergreen [43] The model is used to assess all-cause mortality for a base case using male cigarette and moist smokeless tobacco (MST) product behaviors and a modified case scenario which reflects predicted changes in transition rates for cigarettes and MST that would occur with the proposed MRTP claims.